Official Canadian Symbols for the Citizenship Exam: Flags, Arms, Anthem & Animals

National Symbols of Canada for the Citizenship Exam

Canadian symbols connect our history, geography, and diverse heritage. Questions on national emblems, anthems, and awards are guaranteed to appear on the official citizenship test.

1. The Canadian Crown

The Crown has been a symbol of state in Canada for over 400 years. It represents government authority, the rule of law, and the administration of justice. The Sovereign, currently His Majesty King Charles III, reigns as the King of Canada.

2. The National Flag & Official Colours

• Design: The red-white-red Canadian flag with an 11-pointed stylized red maple leaf was officially adopted on February 15, 1965.
• National Colours: Red and white were designated Canada's official colours by King George V in 1921 in the proclamation of the Royal Arms of Canada.

3. The Maple Leaf and Fleur-de-lis

• Maple Leaf: Used by French Canadians in the 1700s, adopted on Canadian military cap badges during the World Wars, and carved onto the headstones of fallen soldiers.
• Fleur-de-lis: The historic lily symbol of the French monarchy, officially incorporated into the flag of Quebec in 1948 to honor French heritage.

4. The Beaver & The Coat of Arms

The beaver was adopted centuries ago as a symbol of the Hudson's Bay Company and the early fur trade economy. It became Canada's official animal emblem in 1975 and appears on the reverse of the 5-cent coin.

Canada's Coat of Arms includes national emblems of England (rose), Scotland (thistle), Ireland (shamrock), and France (fleur-de-lis). It features Canada's official motto: A Mari Usque Ad Mare ("From Sea to Sea").

5. The Victoria Cross

The Victoria Cross (V.C.) is the highest military honour awarded to Canadians for conspicuous bravery, valour, or self-sacrifice in the presence of the enemy. Ninety-six Canadians have been awarded the Victoria Cross since 1854.